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In this paper we analyse in the framework of constructive mathematics (BISH) the validity of Farkas' lemma and related propositions, namely the Fredholm alternative for solvability of systems of linear equations, optimality criteria in linear programming, Stiemke's lemma and the Superhedging Duality from mathematical finance, and von Neumann's minimax theorem with application to constructive game theory.

Summary This paper reports on an analysis of organizational structures in Swedish elite ice hockey and is concerned with the organization at club level, its similarities and differences with regard to the clubs’ structural dimensions: specialization, standardization and centralization. Findings are based on structured interviews with the general managers of 11 clubs represented in the Swedish elite league and on official and unofficial documents. The results, categorizing the clubs for each of these three structural dimensions into Law, Medium, and High, (...) reveal some smaller variations in structural features, but mainly similarities, explained using the concept of adaptive isomorphism. (shrink)

With the first edition of the Philosophical Criticism, published in the 1870s and 1880s, Alois Riehl became the founder and most important representative of Realistic Criticism, and emerged as one of the leading figures in German-speaking philosophy at the turn of the century. In 1901, he applied for a chair at the Faculty of Philosophy at the University of Vienna. In the appointment procedure for the succession to Ernst Mach, he was chosen by the committee with the recommendation unico loco, (...) and also confirmed by the faculty. Nevertheless, the Minister of Education, Wilhelm von Hartel, rejected the recommendation for political and ideological reasons. Using previously unpublished archival sources, the present study reconstructs Riehl’s academic career, the conditions of the appointment procedure, the internal decision-making processes, and the reasons that ultimately led to his rejection. The aim of the article is to develop a case study that, first, makes educational policy in Austria visible and, second, critically evaluates the term Austrian Philosophy that dates back to this time. (shrink)

Juros, H. Die "Objektschwäche" der Moraltheologie.--Nossol, A. Christsein als radikale Proexistenz.--Styczen', T. Personaler Glaube im Spannungsfeld von religiöser Autorität und Gewissensautonomie.--Piegsa, J. Die "Sache Jesu" und die Reformmarxisten.--Szostek, A. Zur gegenwärtigen Diskussion über den Utilitarismus.--Pryszmont, J. Die Wiederherstellung der gefallenen menschlichen Natur.--Theiner, J. Gedanken zur Sündenlehre Abaelards in seinem Werk "Ethica seu Scito teipsum".--Sikorski, T. Die Aporie des gemeinschaftlichen Lebens.--Kleber, K.-H. Der Christ und die Armut.--Wojtyła, K. Die menschliche Person im Kontext der ehelichen Hingabe und Elternschaft.--Tischner, J. Überlegungen zur Arbeitsethik.--Zeimentz, (...) H. Toleranz-Freiheit-Wahrheit. (shrink)

Zusammenfassung Ein wichtiger Aspekt des Themas „Religion und Gewalt“ ist der Zusammenhang von Sprache und Gewalt. Sprache kann Gewalt sowohl literarisch- ästhetisch darstellen als auch ausüben, direkt, als psychische Gewalt, oder indirekt, als physische Gewalt, insofern sie zur Ausübung physischer Gewalt „bewegt“. Der vorliegende Beitrag möchte diesen Themenkomplex anhand einer frühchristlichen Apologie, der Rede Tatians an die Griechen etwas genauer untersuchen. Vergleichbare Untersuchungen wurden bisher in erster Linie an christlichen Texten des 4. und 5. Jahrhunderts im Hinblick auf eine in (...) jener Epoche wahrgenommene Zunahme von Intoleranz und Gewaltbereitschaft des Christentums, insbesondere gegenüber Juden, Heiden und Häretikern unternommen. Eine Analyse einer weit früheren Apologie wie der Tatians – sie ist tatsächlich einer der frühesten erhaltenen Texte dieser Art – legt jedoch nahe, dass die Motive für die Verwendung sprachlicher Gewalt differenzierter Art waren und nicht auf eine dem Christentum inhärente Tendenz zur Intoleranz reduziert werden können. Auf dem Hintergrund heutiger soziolinguistischer Forschung sollte die Verwendung sprachlicher Gewalt vielleicht sogar eher als eine Technik zur Deeskalation physischer Gewalt erwogen werden denn als Indiz für eine Tendenz zur Eskalation physischer Gewalt. (shrink)

This study shows how St. Augustine of Hippo in his works on grace identifies the concepts of intellect and grace. It recommends this concept of "intellectus gratiae" as a key to Augustine's theology as a whole.

This essay is a chapter in a book about the concepts of will and action in late-antique philosophy. It focuses on Augustine of Hippo's concept of the will. Augustine is notorious for developing the concept of an 'evil will', something considered impossible in classical Aristotelian philosophy. The essay tries to show how Augustine developed this concept from an 'intellectualist' position. It argues that while it is true that later voluntarist philosophies could refer back to Augustine as a starting point, Augustine (...) himself must also be considered within the intellectualist tradition. (shrink)

Bd. 1. Von Kant bis Marx.--Bd. 2. Pädagogik zwischen Ideologie und Wissenschaft.